Exploring Gender Disparity in Liver Health: Examining Women’s Risk Factors in Depth

Women’s Liver Health: Understanding the Unique Risks and Strategies for Prevention

The liver, often referred to as the powerhouse of the human body, plays a crucial role in processing nutrients, detoxifying harmful substances, and regulating hormones. While liver diseases can affect individuals of all genders, women face unique biological and physiological challenges that increase their vulnerability to certain conditions.

Women’s bodies undergo regular hormonal fluctuations and possess genetic predispositions that make them more susceptible to liver diseases such as autoimmune hepatitis and various hepatitis viruses. Additionally, lifestyle factors like alcohol consumption can interact differently with women’s bodies due to their smaller stature and higher body fat percentages, leading to a slower metabolism of substances and an increased risk of damage.

A recent study conducted by AIIMS and published in the Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology highlighted the prevalence of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) in India, affecting over a third of the population. While the risk factors for NAFLD are common to both genders, women are more likely to experience severe consequences.

Certain liver diseases, such as alcoholic liver disease and drug-induced liver injury, disproportionately affect women due to variations in alcohol metabolism, body composition, hormonal imbalances, and medication use. Pregnancy-related liver disorders and genetic conditions like Wilson disease also present unique challenges for women.

To safeguard their liver health, women are advised to adopt a proactive approach, including regular exercise, a balanced diet, limited alcohol consumption, and vaccinations against hepatitis viruses. Early detection and vigilant care are essential, especially during critical periods like pregnancy.

By understanding and addressing the specific risk factors that women face, liver health outcomes can be improved, ensuring a healthier future for women everywhere. Dr. Ankur Garg, Director & HOD of HPB Surgery & Liver Transplant at SHALBY Sanar International Hospitals in Gurugram, emphasizes the importance of tailored prevention and treatment strategies for women’s liver health.