In sub-Saharan Africa, over 600 million people are without access to electricity, with Malawi having one of the lowest electricity access rates in the world. However, researchers Ehiaze Ehimen and Thomas Robin have found a potential solution to this issue through the use of small biogas plants in rural areas.
Biogas plants are easy to set up and relatively inexpensive, using materials like manure and vegetable waste. These plants can provide electricity to households and small communities, utilizing the abundant biomass resources found in rural areas. Not only are biogas plants cost-effective, but they also have environmental and health benefits by reducing reliance on traditional biomass fuels like firewood and charcoal.
Ehimen and Robin’s research focused on the feasibility of producing electricity for rural Malawi farmers using biogas. They found that a small community-scale biogas plant could provide enough energy for a family of five to cook for a month at a cost of US$1,540. The digestate left over from the process can also be used as fertilizer on farmlands.
Despite the potential benefits of biogas plants, challenges such as access to financing and technical expertise remain. Larger biogas facilities could be more cost-effective, but transportation of biomass feedstock is a hurdle. Financial support from various sources could help overcome these challenges and expand the use of biogas plants in rural areas.
Overall, biogas plants offer a promising solution to the energy poverty crisis in sub-Saharan Africa, providing clean and sustainable energy to communities in need.