The number of people facing serious health challenges due to conditions like high blood pressure and obesity has surged by 50% since 2000, posing a significant threat to healthcare systems worldwide. A recent survey by the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) at the University of Washington highlights the shift from infectious diseases to lifestyle-related illnesses like heart disease, diabetes, and cancer.
The report, released on Thursday, also predicts a global increase in life expectancy by nearly five years between 2022 and 2050, with sub-Saharan Africa leading the way with a rise of 9.2 years. This trend indicates a convergence in longevity between richer and poorer regions.
However, the expected increase in life expectancy is slower compared to previous decades, with a 7.8-year rise between 1990 and 2019. The study also forecasts a 2.6-year increase in healthy life expectancy by 2050.
The survey reveals a 49.4% increase in lost years of healthy life due to metabolism-related factors between 2000 and 2021, with a significant impact on individuals aged 15 to 49. IHME director Professor Christopher Murray warns of future challenges such as obesity, substance-use disorders, and climate change-induced health risks.
Murray emphasizes the need for proactive strategies and adequate healthcare resources to address emerging threats. Despite setbacks caused by the Covid-19 pandemic, the study acknowledges progress in maternal and child health and sanitation measures, particularly in low-income countries.
While preventive measures have shown success in combating diseases, there is a call for increased focus on anticipating and addressing health challenges in middle and high-income countries. The findings underscore the importance of global cooperation and investment in public health initiatives to ensure a healthier future for all.