A recent study published in The Lancet by researchers from Sweden and Finland has shed light on the association between parental psychiatric disorders and the risk of offspring developing Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The study revealed that maternal mental health disorders, maternal stress, and the SERT gene are significant risk factors for Autism.
Autism Spectrum Disorders are complex, heritable neurodevelopmental disorders affecting approximately 28 million people worldwide. The understanding of the causes of ASD is multifactorial, with genetic and environmental factors playing a significant role.
The researchers conducted a large population-based study to investigate the possible link between parental psychiatric disorders and the risk of children developing ASD. They found that children born to parents with mental health disorders, especially affected mothers, had a higher risk of developing autism. Maternal mental health disorders were identified as one of the strongest prenatal risk factors for Autism, with maternal stress during pregnancy also increasing the likelihood of childhood autism.
The study highlighted the role of the serotonin transporter (SERT) gene in the connection between maternal stress exposure and ASD. The gene is associated with stress reactivity and rigid compulsive behaviors, both of which are common in individuals with autism.
Overall, the findings emphasize the importance of assessing parental mental health conditions to identify high-risk children for early interventions and improved outcomes. This research provides valuable insights into the complex interplay between genetics, environment, and mental health in the development of Autism Spectrum Disorder.