The Impact of Climate Change and Chalky Grains on Japan’s Rice Farmers: A Risk Assessment

As Japan’s rice farmers gear up for a new planting season, concerns loom over the impact of extreme weather conditions on rice harvests. Last year, Niigata Prefecture, known for its high-quality rice, suffered from a poor harvest due to scorching temperatures and low rainfall. The resulting chalky or split grains raised worries about the overall yield and quality of Japan’s staple crop.

With 2019 to 2023 ranking as the top five hottest years on record in Japan, the effects of global warming on rice production are becoming more apparent. While experts believe there won’t be a dangerous shortage in rice supply, the decrease in grain quality poses a threat to farmers’ income. To combat this, the introduction of heat-resistant rice varieties is seen as crucial in adapting to the changing climate.

However, the success of these new varieties hinges on consumer acceptance. The government aims to increase the share of heat-resistant rice varieties to 18% by 2026, but the preference for traditional varieties like Koshi-hikari may pose a challenge. Farmers are also exploring other measures such as adjusting planting times and using monitoring technology to mitigate heat damage.

Despite these efforts, the race against time to protect Japan’s rice crops from the impacts of global warming continues. The need for sustainable agriculture practices, including reducing reliance on chemicals and increasing organic farming, is emphasized. Ultimately, the effectiveness of adaptation measures depends on the trajectory of greenhouse gas emissions and the collective efforts to combat climate change.