The Role of the Mandela Myth in Securing Democracy in South Africa

Political history scholar Jonny Steinberg’s 2023 book Winnie & Nelson: Portrait of a Marriage is making waves as it delves into the lives of South Africa’s most famous political figures – Nelson Mandela and Winnie Madikizela Mandela. As the country commemorates 30 years of democracy, Steinberg’s book challenges the myths surrounding the couple and their role in the struggle for freedom.

Steinberg explains that the mythologisation of Winnie and Nelson began with the couple themselves. They understood the power of public performance and crafted their image to embody the collective spirit of the liberation movement. Their actions, from Nelson’s underground activities to Winnie’s courtroom appearances, were carefully orchestrated to inspire and mobilize the oppressed.

However, the myth of Nelson Mandela was further amplified by ANC leader Oliver Tambo, who saw the opportunity to create a hero figure to represent the fight for freedom. This myth played a crucial role in uniting the country during the transition from apartheid to democracy.

Steinberg’s book offers a different perspective on the Mandelas, portraying them as flawed individuals who carried the weight of their people’s struggle on their shoulders. He emphasizes the importance of confronting the uncomfortable truths of history, rather than perpetuating false narratives.

As South Africa grapples with its past, Steinberg believes it is crucial to distinguish between mythologisation and falsification of history. While myths can be valuable in shaping collective identity, it is essential to acknowledge the complexities and contradictions of the past. By shedding light on the real stories of Winnie and Nelson, Steinberg hopes to encourage a more nuanced understanding of South Africa’s struggle for freedom.