The concept of “the global south” has been a topic of discussion among world leaders, with countries like India and Brazil vying for leadership within this diverse group of nations. Despite its complexities, the term has gained traction in recent years, with prominent figures like Joe Biden, Emmanuel Macron, and Xi Jinping adopting it.
The global south is generally understood to encompass most non-Western countries, representing emerging economies seeking more influence in global affairs and often critical of Western policies. This group is particularly vocal on issues such as the war in Gaza, Western decisions on Ukraine, COVID-19, and climate policy.
A recent study conducted in collaboration with the Pardee Centre for International Futures at the University of Denver analyzed power dynamics within the global south. The research found that while the United States still holds significant influence over the group, China has emerged as the most powerful member, with President Xi Jinping making a strong claim to leadership.
China’s influence in the global south is evident through its extensive infrastructure projects, financing initiatives, and strategic alliances. However, the country faces challenges in maintaining its leadership position, including limited reach and intensity of influence, concerns over political values, and economic repercussions from its lending practices.
As China navigates these obstacles, other countries like India are also asserting their influence in the global south. With a growing presence in Africa and strategic partnerships, India presents a different approach to leadership, focusing on bridging the gap between East and West.
Ultimately, the global south remains a diverse and contested space, with various countries and alliances vying for power and influence. While China may currently hold a leading position, the dynamics within this group are fluid and subject to change as different nations pursue their national interests and navigate complex geopolitical relationships.